What is a major risk associated with the misuse of radioactive materials in a healthcare setting?

In a healthcare setting, the misuse of radioactive materials poses a significant risk primarily due to the potential for radiation exposure that can lead to various health issues. Radioactive materials are used in diagnostic imaging and treatment procedures, such as PET scans and targeted radionuclide therapies, where specific doses are carefully calculated and monitored to minimize risks. However, in cases of misuse—such as incorrect dosage, improper handling, or lack of adequate safety protocols—there is an increased likelihood of unintended radiation exposure to both patients and healthcare workers.

This exposure can lead to acute health effects, such as radiation sickness, and long-term consequences including an elevated risk of cancer and other radiation-induced conditions. Hence, ensuring the proper management and use of radioactive materials is crucial for maintaining safety standards in a healthcare environment.

The other options, while they might reflect positive outcomes of appropriate use of radioactive materials, do not address the inherent risks that arise from misuse.